{"id":476,"date":"2021-05-23T21:49:36","date_gmt":"2021-05-23T13:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/?p=476"},"modified":"2021-05-23T22:05:11","modified_gmt":"2021-05-23T14:05:11","slug":"linux-%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%9e%83%e5%9c%be%e6%b8%85%e7%90%86-var-log-journal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/?p=476","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5783\u573e\u6e05\u7406 \/var\/log\/journal\/"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>CentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 rsyslog \u548c systemd-journal<\/p>\n<p>systemd-journald\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u8fdb\u578b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u6838\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e9\u671f\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709syslog\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u4ec5\u4ec5\u628a\u65e5\u5fd7\u96c6\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5355\u4e00\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\/run\/log\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f88\u8fc5\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u81ea\u7c73\u6251\u535a\u5ba2\uff1aLinux \u7cfb\u7edf \/var\/log\/journal\/ \u5783\u573e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6e05\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4fdd\u5b58\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9brsyslog\u65e0\u6cd5\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88abjournal\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>rsyslog\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\/var\/log\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\/var\/log\/messages \u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\n\/var\/log\/secure \u6240\u6709\u8ddf\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6388\u6743\u7b49\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\n\/var\/log\/maillog \u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\n\/var\/log\/cron crond\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\n\/var\/log\/boot.log \u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\uff1aLinux\u6ca1\u6709\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cWindows\u624d\u6709\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u526a\u7eb8\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e9f\u6599\u662f\u518d\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Linux\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u770b\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u597d\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u3001\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u524d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u5904\uff0c\u7b97\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\u5417\uff1f<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\"># ls -lhm --full-time \/var\/log\/journal\/f9d400c5e1e8c3a8209e990d887d4ac1_bk_20190122\/ | sort -k6 | head -n30\ntotal 3.5G\n-rw-r-x---+ 1 root systemd-journal 64M 2018-03-28 01:36:01.010275802 +0800 system@00000000000000000000000000000000-00000000000002ca-000567d28f35cca7.journal\n-rw-r-x---+ 1 root systemd-journal 8.0M 2018-03-28 01:36:01.100275802 +0800 user-65534@4ee96b2fbd8b4a82beee0402402fee03-0000000000005419-000567f7fd08bd2f.journal\n-rw-r-x---+ 1 root systemd-journal 72M 2018-04-02 19:16:41.644934707 +0800 system@00000000000000000000000000000000-0000000000010a47-0005686852f561be.journal\n-rw-r-x---+ 1 root systemd-journal 8.0M 2018-04-02 19:16:41.714934707 +0800 user-65534@4ee96b2fbd8b4a82beee0402402fee03-0000000000011f98-00056872cab77761.journal\n-rw-r-x---+ 1 root systemd-journal 72M 2018-04-08 05:48:01.673026304 +0800 system@00000000000000000000000000000000-0000000000021c40-000568dbb97116ae.journal\n-rw-r-x---+ 1 root systemd-journal 72M 2018-04-13 18:25:01.967846109 +0800 system@00000000000000000000000000000000-0000000000033800-00056949207ae8a1.journal\n-rw-r-x---+ 1 root systemd-journal 72M 2018-04-18 04:12:35.385621922 +0800 system@00000000000000000000000000000000-0000000000045c3e-000569b848f6f86c.journal<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u5783\u573e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u6e05\u7406\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u786c\u76d8\u6839\u5206\u533a\u7a7a\u95f4\u544a\u6025\uff0c\u7528\u00a0du -t 100M \/var\u00a0\u6216\u00a0journalctl --disk-usage\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\/var\/log\/journal\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u8fd13G\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4f53\u79ef\u9ad8\u8fbe8-128M\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u6765\u7684systemd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u7528journalctl --vacuum-size=10M\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5176\u6e05\u7406\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u817e\u51fa\u4e862.7G\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7528df\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u67e5\uff0c\uff0f\u6839\u5206\u533a\u679c\u7136\u5bbd\u655e\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aMB\uff09<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\"># du -hm --max-depth=1 \/var\/ | sort -n\n1 \/var\/adm\n1 \/var\/crash\n1 \/var\/db\n1 \/var\/empty\n1 \/var\/games\n1 \/var\/gopher\n1 \/var\/kerberos\n1 \/var\/local\n1 \/var\/nis\n1 \/var\/opt\n1 \/var\/preserve\n1 \/var\/spool\n1 \/var\/tmp\n1 \/var\/yp\n131 \/var\/www\n198 \/var\/lib\n486 \/var\/cache\n3695 \/var\/log\n8513 \/var\/<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6e05\u7a7a \/var\/log\/journal \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u7528echo\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5185\u5bb9\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\">echo \"\" > system.journal<\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u8fd8\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u624b\u52a8\u6e05\u7a7a\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8ba9journalctl \u81ea\u52a8\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001journalctl \u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u52a8\u7ef4\u62a4\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u8fd1\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\">journalctl --vacuum-time=1w<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559500MB\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\">journalctl --vacuum-size=500M<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u00a0\/var\/log\/journal\/\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\">rm -rf\u00a0\/var\/log\/journal\/f9d400c5e1e8c3a8209e990d887d4ac1<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u89e3\u51b3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6267\u884c journalctl \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u62a5\u9519\uff1aError was encountered while opening journal files: Input\/output error<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\"># journalctl --vacuum-time=1w\nError was encountered while opening journal files: Input\/output error<\/pre>\n<p>\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u635f\u574f<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u542f\u00a0journalctl \u670d\u52a1<code><\/code><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\">mv journal\/f9d400c5e1e8c3a8209e990d887d4ac1 journal\/f9d400c5e1e8c3a8209e990d887d4ac1_bk_20190122\nsystemctl restart systemd-journald.service\n\u67e5\u770b\u00a0\/var\/log\/journal\/ \u65e5\u5fd7\u76ee\u5f55\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/pre>\n<p><code><\/code><\/p>\n<p><code><\/code>\n<code><\/code><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\"># ll \/var\/log\/journal\/\ndrwxr-sr-x 2 root systemd-journal 4096 Jan 22 11:26 f9d400c5e1e8c3a8209e990d887d4ac1\ndrwxr-sr-x+ 2 root systemd-journal 12288 Jan 14 15:37 f9d400c5e1e8c3a8209e990d887d4ac1_bk_20190122<\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6267\u884c journalctl \u9650\u5236\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:other\"># journalctl --vacuum-time=1w\nVacuuming done, freed 0B of archived journals on disk.\n# journalctl --vacuum-size=500M\nVacuuming done, freed 0B of archived journals on disk.<\/pre>\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/ithomer\/article\/details\/89530790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/ithomer\/article\/details\/89530790\">https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/ithomer\/article\/details\/89530790<\/a><\/a><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 rsyslog \u548c systemd-journal syste [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=476"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":481,"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476\/revisions\/481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.cyszys.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}